Role of Vam Fertilizer

VAM

The full form of VAM is vesicular Arbuscular mycorrhizal. It is one of the first microbiological products. It is a fungus that penetrates a Vascular plant’s roots to support them to capture nutrients from the soil. The symbiotic association between plant roots and fungal mycelia is termed as mycorrhiza (fungal roots).It has been associated with increased plant growth and enhanced accumulation of plant nutrients mainly phosphorus, zinc, copper, and Sulphur mainly through greater soil exploration by the mycorrhizal hyphae. It also imparts drought tolerance to the plants as the fungal hyphae function as the extended root system to exploit greater

Role of ‘VAM’

This basic element is essential for the growth of the cells of the plant and for the plant to flower and to produce seeds, as the plant wholly depends on phosphorus for its energy.

Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (VAM) is a fungus which has the ability to dissolve the phosphates found in abundance in the soil. Apart from increasing the availability of phosphorus, VAM provides the plants with the  strength to resist disease a germs an weather conditions.

VAM will be active only near the roots of the plants. It can be used by applying on the roots, through a nursery grow bags or by mixing in compost.

In vegetables grown by sowing seeds directly, 20 grams VAM can be put in each hole along with the sowing.

VAM stays with mutual co-operation inside the roots of the plants . The Greek word Mycorrhiza means fungus which lives in root. Mycorrhiza which depends on the plants for starch, reciprocates by providing several nutrients for the plant.

Mycorrhiza increases the amount of phosphorus and trace elements in the soil.

The energy obtained by photosynthesis through leaves moves towards the roots.

Increase in the growth of roots is the result.

Mycorrhiza can increase the number of tapioca produced and also its size. 5 grams of Mycorrhiza should be applied on the roots of the tuber crops.

Materials we used for making VAM

• Vermiculite
• Perlite
• Soil
• Sand
• Cow dung
• Bags
• Mother culture
• Formaldehyde
• Plastic basins
• Planting materials

How santhi online plants making  organic VAM fertilizer.

• Perlite and potting mixture together.
• Sterilize the mixture using formaldehyde.
• Rake well and keep it for one week.
• Sterilize the pots or bags in sunlight.
• Fill the bags/pots with mixture.
• Add more culture and sow the seed or plant.

How to use VAM powder on plants.

Mix 2 to 4 Kg of  Santhi online plant VAM with 100 to 200 kg of  SANTHI ONLINE PLANTS Organic Manure or dried farm yard manure and broadcast in the main field just before sowing / transplanting or apply in standing crop by row or spot or broadcasting method (50 g / plant).

External Requirements need for plant growth.

• Sunlight- bright sunlight is required.
• Water – spraying water twice a day until the plant or crop develops sufficient growth.

Benefits of using VAM on plants.

• VAM improves the properties of soil in rhisophere
• VAM enlarges root areas of host plants
• It improves efficiency of water absorption
• VAM enhances the absorption of P And other nutritional elements, and nutritional status of host plant.
• It activation of defense system.
• It helps to protect against oxidative damage.
• Effective in overcoming the stress condition like drought, disease incidence, and deficiency of nutrients.
• Helps to increase the immune power of plants.

Where to buy organic VAM in online

We have 100% organic VAM fertilizer and we have wide varieties of plants, terrace gardening plants, fertilizers, pesticides, and growbags in our website. Our VAM fertilizer is organic and it helps to increase uptake of nutrients and plant growth, it controls  root diseases. want to BUY!!! Check out our website www.santhionlineplants.com  

ABOUT ROSEWOOD

Introduction

Rosewood is a fast-growing nitrogen-fixing tree that can easily be propagated and will grow on any well-drained soil, even on pure sand. It is mainly grown for its durable heartwood, being among the finest general-use timbers in South Asia and is commonly used for high-class furniture and marine-grade plywood. This grows in the sub-Himalayan tract from Oudh eastwards to Sikkim, Bihar, Orissa, and throughout Central and Southern India.

Origin: It is indigenous to India and distributed in the sub-Himalayan tract of eastern U.P to Sikkim. It also occurs in central, western and southern India.

Rosewood Plant Description

Rosewood is a deep, ruddy brown to purplish-brown colour, richly streaked and grained with black resinous layers. It takes a fine polish but because of its resinous nature is difficult to work. However the heartwood begins to decay, making it faulty and hollow at the centre.

Indian Rosewood is an erect deciduous tree. It grows to the height of 25meter and 2-3 meters in diameter. It has leathery leaves which are up to15 cm long. The flowers are whitish-pink in colour. A crown is oval in shape. The fruit is brown and pod like in shape. it’s fruit is dry and hard. sapwood is white to pale brown In colour and the heartwood is golden to dark brown in colour. Flowers occur from October to February

Rose wood Planting

Rosewood trees are suitable for landscaping. They can be planted as a shade tree for tea plantations and also are a part of many household gardens and lawns. These are easy to grow and quite hardy plants, requiring only a little care and attention.

Requirements for growing Rosewood plant

✓ Propagation
You can propagate these plants from both seeds and saplings. Although it is more appropriate and advisable to buy a healthy plant from a nearby nursery for better plant growth. But you can also grow them from seeds and suckers that are readily available. If you are growing a nursery bought plant, then look no further and directly plant it into the location you desire. So is the case when growing them from seeds. You can directly sow the seeds on your farm or garden. Soaking the seeds in water before you sow them will ensure better results.

✓ Location
Plant them in a location where they get enough space and sunlight. When you plant the seedlings, they require partial sunlight. However, the bigger plants or trees can survive in full sun.

✓ Temperature
As these plants are native to India, they do well in tropical and subtropical regions. They can survive the temperatures ranging from 4- 49°C. The best time to grow these plants is in the months of spring or early summer.

✓ Soil
They can survive in almost any kind of well-draining soil. Alluvial soil, mixed with gravel or sandy loam that drains excess water but stays moist, is ideal for growing Sheesham trees. They can also grow in slightly saline soil.

✓ Pests and Diseases
Be careful about termites and fungal infections. These infections are quite easy to treat with the help of soap water or Neem oil solution.

✓ Watering
You need to deeply water these plants regularly as the plants require a lot of moisture to grow dense foliage. During their growth period, water them thoroughly until the topsoil goes dry. However, overwatering or flooding the tree continuously will lead to the formation of superficial roots in them.

Medicinal values

Indian Rosewood holds many medicinal properties. oil stimulates new cell growth, regenerate tissues, and heps minimize lines and wrinkles. It helps balance both dry and oily skin. It can prove useful against acne.

Other uses

It is important fuelwood and is also used for shade and shelter. Its wood is used for making furniture, doors, windows, shop floors, plywood, skis, musical instruments, carvings etc. Because of durability Rosewood is often used in martial art weaponry, particularly as the shaft of spears and in the gun staves.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Rosewood is a precious timber species, for which demand keeps rising. But, due to the threat of extinction and non-availability of sustainable timber plantations of rosewood in main producing countries, there is a trend in shifting the market. Adding value to the species will yield more economic benefits to the country, and there is a need for buyers and exporters to cooperate in this direction.

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How to identify a Mealybug infestation

   MEALY BUG CONTROLLER

• Mealybugs also called “woolly aphids”, include many species with a wide range of host plants.
• The waxy insects that feed on a wide variety of plants including grapes, trees, as well as indoor, outdoor and terrace garden plants.
• They feed by piercing-sucking and can resemble soft scales. 
• They can be major pests on certain crops such as wine grapes in California
• Mealybugs may have up to six generations in a year. 
• It may overwinter under bark as egg sacs or as first instar nymphs.
• This is the case in grapevines and some other orchard crops.

Mealybug Identification

• The bodies of mealybugs are distinctly segmented and mealybugs are usually covered in wax
• Mealybugs are sometimes confused for other types of insects such as soft scales.
• Adult mealybugs are usually observed as females which are wingless and look similar to nymphs. Adult male mealybugs have wings but are rarely seen.

How to Identify a Mealybug Infestation?

• The plant is covered with small, white-to-grey insects with a cottony or wooly covering clustering close to the soil or near the growing tips.
• Honeydew is present on plant surfaces, with or without sooty mold.
• Infested plants may have a distorted stem and or new growth.
• Reduced plant vigor and health overall after mealybugs have been identified.
• Ant presence near new growth harvesting honeydew.

Mealybug life cycle

•  After egg laying, females die and the eggs hatch in 7 to 10 days into tiny yellowish crawlers (nymphs).
•  The long-tailed mealybug is slightly different in that females give birth to living young.
•  The complete life cycle can take six weeks to two months depending on the species and the environmental conditions

• Adult female mealybugs can lay between 100-200 or more eggs in a 10-to-20-day period. 
• They produce eggs that remain with the female until egg hatch.

Mealybug Damage

• However, Mealybugs also produce sticky honeydew and wax which often coincides with black sooty mold, which also reduces plant vigor and fruit quality.
• Small populations of mealybugs may not result in significant damage, but higher populations can result in leaf drop.
• Therefore, Root feeding mealybugs can cause plant decline and decreased vigor. These are not seen unless the plants are dug up and roots exposed.

How to use Mealy bug controller 

• Treating mealybugs with insecticides can be challenging for two reasons their waxy covering can repel many insecticides and also they usually hide under bark, in plant crowns or in other regions that hard to reach in spray method
• For greenhouses, house plants and terrace garden, spot treatments are recommended after that A 70% or less solution of Mealy bug controller mix in water can be used and spray in plants to kill 

Uses of Mealy bug controller

• It suppress populations of mealy bug.
• This can be applied at any stage of plant growth.
• This will kill all stages of mealybugs on contact.
• it helps to limit population growth and control mealybugs in low numbers.
• It increases plant growth and yield.
• Ensures eco-friendly and safe.

conclusion 

In conclusion, Mealybugs are attracted to plants with high nitrogen levels and soft growth; they may appear if you overwater and over-fertilize your plants. so, Take care of your plants with Mealybug controller      

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BIO CONTROL AGENT

Biological control agent refers to the use of natural or modified organisms, gene products, to reduce the effects of undesirable organisms and to favor desirable organisms such as crops, beneficial insects, and microorganisms.

ADVANTAGE OF BIO CONTROL AGENT

• It is usually highly specific to a particular pest.
• Although expensive to introduce (mainly due to research costs), it can be very cheap in the long term.
• It can provide a long-term solution to a pest problem
• There is no environmental contamination.
• Pests do not become resistant.

PURPOSE OF USING BIO CONTROL AGENT

• A biological control agent is an organism, such as an insect or plant disease, that is used to control a pest species.
• Often the goal of those who use bio control agents on rangelands is to suppress the alien weeds and at least partially restore the native plant community.
• Therefore, Biological control involves using living organisms similarly, insects, pathogens, or grazing animals, to suppress a weed infestation.

BENEFITS OF BIO CONTROL AGENT

• The bio control agents protect plants from their natural enemies like parasites, from predation, etc.
• They help in controlling the infestation of plant pests such as weeds, nematodes, insects, and mites.
• The biological control agents are specific to harmful organisms
• Do not kill useful organisms present in the soil
• Aphidius – parasitoid of aphids
• Cucumeris – predatory mite of thrips
• Encarsia – parasitoid of whitefly
• Entomopathogenis nematodes – insecticidal nematodes which attack a range of insect pests
• Hypoapsis – predatory mite of fungus gnats
• Green lacewing – predator of aphids and moth eggs
• Montdorensis – predator of thrips
• Persimilis – predatory mite of two spotted mite
• Trichogramma – for instance, egg parasitoid of a range of insect pests
• Biological control agents are released into crops in a number of ways.

TYPES OF BIO CONTROL AGENT

Bio control agents are three types of entities involved in biological control these are

• Avirulent agent or hypo virulent individuals within the pathogenic species itself after that cause the reduction of virulent strain of the pathogen by cross-production mechanism.
• Genetically modified host plant that may be manipulate either by cultural pratices or with microorganisms after that provide resistance against pathogens.
• Antagonists these include all classes and groups of organisms existing in an ecosystem and interfere with the disease producing activities of the pathogens.

Above all, The important genera of fungi studied as biocontrol agents are Trichoderma, Gilocladium, aspergillius, Chaetomium, pencillium etc. Many bacterial strains studies for their plant growth promoting activity for instance, biocontrol potential, these include agrobacterium, bacillius, Enterobacter, erwina, pseudomonas, and steptomyces etc.

conclusion 

In conclusion, We have 100 % organic fertilizers like bio control agents, pesticides, variety of plants and growbags.

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Vermicompost

Vermicompost

Vermicompost is a type of organic fertilizer and It is  derived from composting organic waste by using various species of worms, red wigglers, white worms, & other earthworms basically to create a mixture of decomposing vegetables or food waste, bedding materials, and vermicast.

It is used for terrace gardening because it gives nutrition to the plants.

Materials for the preparation of vermicompost :

• Crop residues
• Weed biomass
• Vegetable waste
• Leaf litter
• Cow dung
• Water
• Biodegradable wastes are collected from fields and kitchen
• A large bin
• Thatch roof

Procedure

1. The size of the tank depends upon the availability of raw materials.
2. Collect the biomass and place it under the sun for about 8-12 days. Basically chop it to the required size using the cutter.
3. Prepare a cow dung slurry and sprinkle it on the heap for quick decomposition.
4. Add a layer (2 – 3 inches) of soil or sand at the bottom of the tank.
5. Prepare fine bedding by adding  such as decomposed cow dung, dried leaves, & other biodegradable wastes collected from fields and the kitchen and also distribute them evenly on the sand layer.
6. In addition to the chopped bio-waste & partially decomposed cow dung layer-wise into the tank up to a depth of 0.5-1.0 ft.
7. Release the earthworm species over the mixture and cover the compost mixture with dry straw or gunny bags.
8. Sprinkle water on a regular basis to maintain the moisture content of compost.
9. Cover the tank with a roof to prevent the entry of ants, lizards, mice, snakes and also  protect the compost from rainwater and direct sunshine.
10. Occasionally check to avoid the compost from overheating and also Maintain proper moisture and temperature.

Vermicompost – mixture

One part garden soil, one part coco peat &  one part vermicompost, all three are thoroughly mixed and added to the pot.

What are the Characteristics of vermicomposting

Vermicompost is a powdered like material which contains high nutrients, good microbes, drainage, water-holding capacity and a growth enhancer.

Benefits of using vermicompost on plants for terrace gardening

• You notice a good growth of the plant by use of Vermiwash.
• Good farming is possible with use reduction in the cost of water and chemical fertilizers.
• It makes the environment healthy.
• Increases fertility of land at low cost.
• Enhances physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil.
• Increases the catchment power of the soil.
• The product produced from this is delicious.

conclusion :

In conclusion Vermicompost has revolutionized vegetable farming and terrace gardening. Likewise In organic farming, it showed the postive  results among all fertilizers and also works on terrace gardening. As a result we can get food healthy vegetables and fruits by using vermicompost.

As Shown above It’s 100% natural and organic fertilizer for plants.

Where to buy organic vermicompost online

We have organic fertilizers, pesticides, plants, and grow bags on our website and Our vermicompost is 100% organic. It enhances plant growth, yield & germination. it’s rich in nutrient content. Inhabit diseases in plants and great water retention quality.

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Miniature rose button rose red

       Miniature rose button rose red

Miniature Button Rose is an evergreen shrub native to Asia. And they produce stunning flowers throughout the year. Most importantly, they have ornamental and commercial values.

Soil

• The soil should be well-drained and fertile, rich in organic content.

Watering

• Poke your finger/plain small stick into the soil to cApprox. 200 ml) water when the top soil (1-2 inch) in pot feels dry to touch.
• Apply water probably morning or evening time.
• Do not overwater the plant.
• As a rule of thumb, water the plant thoroughly in the summer and reduce watering in winter and rainy season

Application of Fertilizer

• Before the application of fertilizer loosen the topsoil without disturbing the roots of the plant so it can uptake the nutrients and moisture.
• During the main growing season (Feb to May, July to Sep) feed the plant with organic fertilizer once a month.
• Apply water immediately after application of fertilizer

Plant Protection

• Remove dead, infected, or damaged plant parts and discard them away from the plants.
• For any insect attack or disease, you can use Neem oil, Eucalyptus oil or Citrus oil spray for primary treatment.

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origin of orange

ORANGE

Oranges are an important food source in many parts of the world for several reasons. They are a commonly available source of vitamin C. An orange is a type of citrus fruit that people often eat. Oranges are a very good source of Vitamin C.Orange juice is an important part of many people’s breakfast. The “sweet orange”, which is the kind that are most often eaten today, grew first in South and East Asia but now grows in lot of parts of the world.

the origin of Oranges

The orange is the world’s most popular fruit. Like all citrus plants, the orange tree originated in the tropical regions of Asia. Oranges are mentioned in an old Chinese manuscript dating back to 2200 BC. The development of the Arab trade routes, the spread of Islam and the expansion of the Roman Empire led to the fruit being cultivated in other regions.

From its original habitat, the orange spread to India, the east coast of Africa, and thence to the eastern Mediterranean region.

Orange – Scientific Classifications

Kingdom:   Plantae

Division  :Magnoliophyta

Class.      :Magnoliopsida

Order: Sapindales

Family   : Rutaceae

Genus:   Citrus

Orange Tree

Citrus trees are remarkable for the deep green of their foliage and their white, fragrant flowers.

Fruits add to this exotic appearance, you’ll be thrilled!

Orange Fruit

The orange has a sweet-tart taste and is commonly peeled and eaten fresh, or squeezed for its juice.  The outermost layer of the rind can be scraped off to make zest, having a similar flavor to the flesh.

Orange Seed

It is believed that just like oranges, its seeds are also rich in vitamin C, which is a powerful antioxidant that keeps our metabolism high. There are more benefits of consuming (chewing) orange seeds.

Orange seeds are quite easy to germinate, but a tree grown from an orange seed can take anywhere from seven to 15 years to bear fruit.

Orange Leaf

Bitter orange leaves are used for their sedative properties: they alleviate spasms in nervous personsand help them fall asleep.

Nutrients in Orange

One medium-sized orange has:

• 60 calories
• No fat or sodium
• 3 grams of fiber
• 12 grams of sugar
• 1 gram of protein
• 14 micrograms of vitamin A
• 70 milligrams of vitamin C
• 6% of your daily recommended amount of calcium
• 237 milligrams of potassium
• 15.4 grams of carbohydrates

Tips for Growing the Best Oranges

These gardening tips below will help with a plentiful orange harvest.

• Light:Citrus needs at least six to eight hours of bright, daily light— more is better. Placing trees near southern or southwest windows works well.. If you’re short on sunlight, grow lights can make up the difference.

• Water:

  Never let pots dry out completely, but avoid overwatering. Test your soil by hand or use a soil moisture tester, available in home and garden stores.In winter, water is just enough to keep the soil moist.

• Invest in good soil Orange trees can grow in a variety of soil. For optimal growth and health, you’ll want soil with good drainage and a soil pH between 5.0 to 6.5. The ideal ratio for a good, loamy soil is approximately 40% sand, 40% silt, and 20% clay. Use the same soil outdoors as you would potting soil.
• Use a natural or organic deterrent. Like all fruits, orange plants are prone to pests like aphids, borers, and spider mites. Critters or insects snacking on your fruits are an inevitable part of maintaining your own garden. For bugs, use an organic or noninvasive pesticide, or try making your own natural pesticides at home. For critters or larger animals getting into your crops, net and/or fence the perimeter of your garden.
• Fertilize your soil. The organic and biological materials living in compost activate the soil’s contents, which include healthy fungi, bacteria, and minerals. This promotes strong immunity in your plants, and expands the life of your crops as well.

Health Benefits of Oranges

The vitamin C in oranges helps your body in lots of ways:

• Protects your cells from damage
• Helps your body make collagen, a protein that heals wounds and gives you smoother skin
• Makes it easier to absorb iron to fight anemia
• Boosts your immune system, your body’s defense against germs
• Slows the advance of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of vision loss
• Helps fight cancer-causing free radicals
• Heart health
• Reduce Blood pressure

Properties of Orange

• Rich in vitamin C
• Powerful Antioxidants
• Anti-inflammatory
• Antimicrobial
• Antiviral

Conclusion

Vitamin C supplements do not provide as much protective benefits as drinking a glass of orange juice.  The available literature does not reveal any adverse or side effect. No wonder that oranges are one of the most popular fruits in the world .

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Benefits and caring of Allamanda yellow Variegata

Allamanda yellow Variegata

Allamanda is a bushy nature plant, the large-sized container is preferable as the plant gets heavy with time. You may need to report it every year. Make sure the container has drainage holes at the bottom to ensure smooth drainage of water. Put stone or brick pieces on the holes.

Light and Temperature 

• Allamanda cathartica pruned as a shrub. This plant does best with full sun, rich, well-drained soil, and plenty of moisture during the growing season. When grown indoors it should get at least 4 hours of direct sunlight daily.

• In its native habitat, new shoots of the tropical shrub Allamanda find their way to the treetops to get all the full sun they can, while keeping the dark green leaves protected in semi-shade.
• A lover of the sun, this drought-tolerant plant needs lots of sunshine, so if possible, mimic nature and shade the plant but give the tips lots of sunshine.
• Keep temperatures and humidity high if possible.

Benefits of Allamanda yellow variegata :

• They are beautiful and often used for decoration.
• In traditional medicine, people use it to treat liver tumors, malaria, splenomegaly, and jaundice.
• They use it to treat abscesses, ringworm, ulcers, and eczema.
• Their flowers are very effective in preventing malaria and swelling of the spleen.

• They also used as an antidote for poisoning & can treat dysentery.
• And, they grow pretty well in tropics and areas with high light levels.
• It is perfect for Indian climates as it is full of sunlight.
•  it has high commercial demand and is excellent for plantations.

Care of Allamanda yellow variegata :

• Water deeply until the excess moisture runs out of the drainage holes, but then wait until the top surface of the soil dries out before you irrigate again.
• Allamanda doesn’t like wet feet. Fertilize in spring through summer every two to three weeks with good blooming plant food.

• Allow the plant to rest in winter.
• Suspend fertilizing in winter as part of good Allamanda plant care.
• Restart fertilizing in April & move the plant outside as soon as temperatures are above 60 F. (16 C.)

If you love to plant an Allamanda yellow Variegata, kindly visit www.santhionlineplants.com

white rose

WHITE ROSE

• The white rose is the most versatile rose color.
• This flower is able to convey romance, appreciation, compassion, and purity.
• This looks great in bouquets, arrangements and they pair well with other colors.
• You’ll find a lot of white roses combined with red rose flower and green flowers around Christmas.

History of white rose

• White roses, in the Roman era, were associated with Goddess Aphrodite and it is believed that it was only after she pricked herself and her blood trickled down on the roses, they turned red.
• Being an important part of War of the Roses, fought in the 15^thCentury of England, it was used to sworn secrecy.

special about white rose

• Long before red roses became the most recognized symbol of true love & white roses held that significance.
• The white rose is one of the most traditional wedding flowers – and it makes sense.
• White roses are traditional wedding flowers called bride’s flowers
• red roses are dedicated to express passion & romance.
• Maya Flowers helps you to make an informed decision and choose the right flowers for your special occasion and moment.
• we learn about the color that never fades and the fragrance that is ethereal & charming.

benefits of White Rose

• Lowering blood pressure.
• Smooth the digestive tract.
• White Rose supports natural cell regeneration and the skin barrier.
• White rose flower helps to restore appearance of suppleness to your skin.
• Damask Rose helps to tighten pores, purify and smooth your skin.
• Rosa Canina (Rosehips) calms and brightens skin and helps prevent trans-epidermal water loss
• This indicates honor, reverence, and a feeling of spirituality.

How to care a white rose plant:

• Plant your roses in a sunny location with good drainage.
• Fertilize them regularly for impressive white rose flowers.
• Water them evenly to keep the soil moist
• The white rose combined with other rose colors can alter and enhance the meanings of both. The single white rose conveys a strong and deep message of hope, respect, and love.

• White rose flower conveys the purity of that love and deep respect
• It does not only signal a level of humility and also conveys the everlasting love and devotion between two people

• White and yellow roses to gather can indicate harmony
• White and red roses indicate unity and bonding and are very appropriate for weddings.

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